Amy Tan Questions - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 822 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/07/03 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Joy Luck Club Essay Did you like this example? Parents are often the entry gate to a childs opinion of themselves and their culture. In the United States, most people find themselves relating to the mainstream, Anglo-American cultural ideals. This leads to what many experts call a ?culture clash, often experienced by first-generation members of immigrant families. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Amy Tan Questions" essay for you Create order In The Joy Luck Club, Amy Tan questions the reasons for the difficulty of acceptance and practice of ones culture while immersed in a societal climate that holds different values. Tan offers insight through this story of four Chinese immigrants, elaborating upon their difficulties in understanding the differences in the mainstream American culture, which in turn reveals the difficulty of immigrant parents ability to understand their children, leading to the alienation of their daughters to traditional Chinese culture. Culture is defined as the behaviors and values accepted by a group of people that are passed down from generation to generation, usually through communication and imitation. It is a parents job to pass their culture down to their children, but there is a difficulty that arises when the family culture does not match the mainstream societal culture. In The Joy Luck Club, the Chinese culture embraced by the mothers differs greatly from the Anglo-American culture that they are forced to conform to. Lindo Jong, one of the Chinese mothers says, In America, nobody says you have to keep the circumstances somebody else gives you (Tan 254). This is very different from the way she was raised, where her circumstances were permanent and determined her character and future. To Lindo, the best combination seemed to be American circumstances and Chinese character, but she soon learns that the two cannot coexist (Tan 254). She is unable to teach her daughter, Waverly, to listen to her mother, while at the same time the American culture tells her to listen only to herself. Lindo cannot understand, and therefore a divide occurs between mother and daughter. It is impossible for Lindo to understand her daughters culture, and it is impossible for her Waverly to understand her mothers culture. Because of the different social environments of their youths, a culture clash between the two arises. As Chiu writes, when the culture of a parent does not match the culture of the law the law will typically emerge victorious, and this is exactly what happens in the case of the Jongs (Chiu 1793). American culture that Waverly is immersed in daily takes precedence over a culture that she only ever sees from her family. The American ideals take precedence over cultural values in first-generation children, as they desire to become more like the people around them and fit in. Asian-Americans make up 5.6% of the American population, and most identify themselves by more specific labels, such as Chinese-American, Korean-American, and Indian-American. They cite themselves as these smaller groups because they call upon a much richer history than that of Asian-Americans. Despite this, it is a common phenomenon for Asian-American children to cast off their culture because it clashes with the societal majoritys ideals. Culture clash leads to the alienation of first-generation Asian-American children. Because of the difference in Eastern and Western culture, parents of first-generation American children generally have trouble understanding the differences between the world that they grew up in and the world that their children are growing up in. Compounded with the difference in technology, many first-generation children become alienated from their parents, especially once they reach schooling age. In these childrens lives, friends become a larger influence upon culture because of the childrens desire to fit in; they see their parents as strangers in a foreign land, and it is their job to fit in and become truly American. This can be showcased in a scene in which Waverly Jong is upset that she will not be mistaken for a local in China. Lindo states, she followed my Chinese ways only until she learned how to walk out the door by herself and go to school, after that, American friends taught her to be American, and she lost her cultural identity (Tan 253). Ricky Yean writes that he stopped trying to talk for two years until [he] developed enough fluency to sound just like any ordinary Asian-American kid from Los Angeles (Yean). This cultural erasure continues to happen today, despite cultural pride being thrown to the forefront of the American media. Tan also writes about this through Jing-Mei Woos statement that its even becoming fashionable for American-born Chinese to use their Chinese names (Tan 37). Unfortunately, culture not accepted by the mainstream society of a place, even one as diverse as America, is destroyed through the desire of first-generation children to be more like those around them. Even now, with Asian media rising to take a place in the general publics eyes (to cite a few examples, BTS, Crazy Rich Asians, and the popularization of Japanese Manga) Asian-Americans are still tentative about embracing their culture because it contrasts so drastically with the mainstream American culture.

Essay on A Great Composer - 1195 Words

Inspiration may be a form of super-consciousness, or perhaps of subconsciousness—I wouldn’t know. But I am sure it is the antithesis of self-consciousness. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Only one man could claim the title as probably the greatest composer in American history for writing so many unforgettable works: Aaron Copland. He lived a life inspired by many things as well as inspiring people all across the nation, and it really led to the opposite of being drawn into himself, as he described in the quote above. He was born in Brooklyn, New York on November 14 in 1900. He was the youngest of five children to Sarah and Harris Copland. A musical spark came out in Copland already at the age of 11 as he began piano lessons with his†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;During the 1920’s, Aaron Copland went with the trend and experimented with jazz styles in his music, which proved to be extraordinary in the views of many. His choice for other pieces came through modern music about which he once said, â€Å"I just happened upon it in the natural course of my musical exploration.† This was apparent in the way he w ould use ideals of Neoclassicism in his â€Å"Piano Variations.† Copland then hit a downfall in about 1936. He wrote a few works which were harder to perform and not taken in by many audiences due to the use of much more advanced techniques which were uncommon for the time. Copland knew a change had to be made because he quickly saw how many composers were working themselves into a vacuum, so he would follow a new path of the more simplistic American way for much of his life. This â€Å"simple to understand† type of writing is what brought audiences back and made Aaron Copland great. He started writing functional music like â€Å"The Second Hurricane† and â€Å"The Outdoor Adventure† for kids, as well as Of Mice and Men, Or Town, North Star, and The Red Pony for movies; â€Å"Music For Radio† for radio; and a few American folk songs. He worked specifically with western themes in three major pieces, â€Å"Rodeo† (obvious Western setting), â⠂¬Å"Billy the Kid† (another setting in the farther west), and the ever so famous â€Å"Appalachian Spring† (set in Pennsylvania when it was still America’s frontier).Show MoreRelatedA Great Composer Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesInspiration may be a form of super-consciousness, or perhaps of subconsciousnessÂâ€"I wouldnt know. But I am sure it is the antithesis of self-consciousness. Only one man could claim the title as probably the greatest composer in American history for writing so many unforgettable works: Aaron Copland. He lived a life inspired by many things as well as inspiring people all across the nation, and it really led to the opposite of being drawn into himself, as he described in the quote above. He wasRead MoreGreat Composers of the 19th Century1106 Words   |  5 PagesRay Charles Robinson and Steveland Hardaway Judkins are two of the most prolific composers of all times. Born and raised in the United States of America, they became legendary composers, singers, producers, and musicians of the 19th century. Their compositions were soulful in nature, and their styles ranged from rock and pop to blues and jazz. Ray Charles Robinson was known as The Pioneer of Rock Music. He influenced the lives of people worldwide, and he paved the way for various artists suchRead MoreThe Greatest Dramatists Of The Great Composers1718 Words   |  7 PagesHe was not only the most important person in the world, to himself; in his own eyes he was the only person who existed. He believed himself to be one of the greatest dramatists in the world, one of the greatest thinkers, and one of the greatest composers. To hear him talk, he was Shakespeare, and Beethoven, and Plato, rolled into one. And you would have had no difficulty in hearing him talk. He was one of the most exhausting conversationalists that ever lived. An evening with him was an evening spentRead MoreBach And Handel : The Great Composers Of The Baroque Period1216 Words   |  5 PagesBach and Handel are often compared against each other as the great composers of the Baroque period. They both were masters of the Baroque music and wrote many pieces that are still part of the normal and required repertoire. However, Paul Henry Lang makes an argument against comparing these two composers together as well as an argument against the idea of Handel being a German national composer. Lang had extensive education in this field, and so he was able to argue these points with facts behindRead MoreAnton Bruckner, A Great Composer Of The Romantic Period1338 Words   |  6 PagesFor many music is a way to communicate and express someone’s emotions. This is one of the many beauties people find in this art form. This researcher paper is about the life and work of Anton Bruckner, a great composer of the romantic period. The research paper will be focus from Bruckner’s early life to his last moments. Anton Bruckner was born on September 4 1824 in the village of Ansfelden, Austria to a family known for being craftsman and farmers. Bruckner was the first of 11 children. Bruckner’sRead MoreFranz Liszt was a Great Romantic Composer4170 Words   |  17 Pages According to De Portales, Liszt had a struggle in himself between the virtuoso and the composer and he knew that he had to choose. He chose to go with the composer and in 1847 his virtuoso career was over (De Portales 111-112). Another reason he made the choice was that in 1847 Liszt once again fell in love upon meeting a princess, named Carolyne Sayn- Wittgenstein, in Kiev. She gave him a large sum of money after a charity concert and he deeply desired to meet her to thank her (De PourtalesRead MoreBaroque Music764 Words   |  4 Pagesit took composers like Handel and Bach to make them into emotional, human experiences. The 10 most famous composers of the Baroque period are, Johann Sebastian Bach, George Fride ric Handel, Antonio Vivaldi, George Philip Telemann, Arcangelo Corelli, Henry Purcell, Domenicp Scarlatti, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Johann Pachelbel, Giovanni Battista Sammartini. Coming in first place is Johanne Sebastian Bach who was a genius keyboardist, mastered the organ and harpsichord, and a brilliant composer. He wroteRead MoreCharacteristics Of Classical Music1277 Words   |  6 Pagesmany well know composers who lived in this time period as well, including Vivaldi, Handel, Telemann, Lully, Corelli, and of course Johann Sebastian Bach. J.S. Bach is one of the main and most important composers of the baroque period. Several of his most well-known works include his unaccompanied cello suites, Ava Maria, the Brandenburg Concertos, Toccata and Fugue in D minor, Air on the G String, and last but not least Notebooks for Anna Magdalena Bach. Bach influenced many composers of this timeRead MoreInformative Speech On Movie Music919 Words   |  4 PagesSpeech Title: Making Movie Mus ic Specific Purpose: To inform you of three of the greatest movie score composers of our time and the significance they hold. Central Idea: Three of the greatest composers of our time are John Williams, Hans Zimmer, and Alan Menken and they all hold great significance in the world of moving scoring. Introduction I. AG: When you think of Disney movies, what comes to mind? Of course, the fun melodies twinkled throughout the movies. What about your favorite heroesRead MoreEssay on George Frideric Handels Water Music948 Words   |  4 PagesMusic continues to be a very popular work of art. By nature of the venue this great work was to be performed in, Handel had to be very original in orchestration. His strong usage of woodwinds and percussion influenced countless composers such as the wind music of Mozart, Holst, Strauss, Beethoven, Vaughn-Williams, and even Stravinsky. Handels music proved that he was not only one of the greatest Baroque composers, but he was and is a giant in the history of musical evolution. To fully understand

Families And Students Rights To Confidentiality Education Essay Free Essays

Given households ‘ and pupils ‘ rights to confidentiality, what would you make in the undermentioned state of affairss? ( 1 ) Teachers are discoursing pupils and their households during tiffin in the instructor ‘s sofa. ( 2 ) you notice that the pupils ‘ records in your school are kept in an unsupervised country? Keeping confidentiality is one of the most of import occupations of all instructors. Guidelines for confidentiality to protect pupils and households rights are outlined in the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act every bit good as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act ( Salend, 2008, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Families And Students Rights To Confidentiality Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now 178 ) . In state of affairs figure one I would near the other instructors and inquire them if they are cognizant that they are go againsting the confidentiality of the pupils and households that they are discoursing. Then I would explicate to them that as instructors we are expected to maintain information about the lives of our pupils and their households private and the lone clip that information about pupils and their households should be discussed is in a meeting that has been set up to be after something for that specific pupil and household. In state of affairs figure two I would talk in private with the rule of the school and voice my concerns with him about the privateness of pupils ‘ records at the school. I would explicate to him that I believed that the records should be kept in a location where they are supervised in order to protect the privateness of the pupils ‘ information. If the records are kept in an unsupervised location so person who should non hold entree to see the records may be able to. Think about several individuals you talk to on a regular basis. How do their communicating manners differ in footings of oculus contact, delay clip, word significances, facial and physical gestures, voice quality, personal infinite, and physical contact? How make these differences affect you? How do you set your communicating manner to suit these differences? What are some other schemes you could utilize to advance effectual communicating? Harmonizing to the text edition, communicating manners and forms vary from civilization to civilization and things such as â€Å" oculus contact, delay clip, word significances, facial and physical gestures, voice quality and tone, personal infinite, and physical contact have different significances and intents in assorted civilizations † ( Salend, 2008, p. 185 ) . On a regular footing the people that I talk to include my coworkers, schoolmates, and professors. One of my coworkers is a really quiet individual and it frequently frustrates me when I am seeking to pass on with her. When she does speak to you she has a voice that is really quiet and hard to hear and she makes really small oculus contact with you and is normally looking towards the floor. In order to suit for the fact that she is really quiet and hard to understand, when I am speaking to her I try to do my conversations every bit brief as possible and when inquiring inquiries I try to inquire them in ways that she can react with brief replies. A few of my other coworkers on the other manus are really vocal, animated, and tend to occupy personal infinite when speaking. These features are besides sometimes hard to cover with and may acquire raging. When pass oning with these persons I tend to take the more inactive function and allow them make the speaking and I will give responses when they present me with an chance to speak. One manner that I think I could advance effectual communicating between myself and my quiet coworker is by composing a note when I have a inquiry for her. By supplying her with the chance to compose her response instead than holding to talk to me may be more comfy for her. Chapter 5 How are individuals with disablements and those from assorted cultural and lingual backgrounds pictured in books, telecasting shows, films, and sketchs? How make these portraitures affect you and your pupils ‘ apprehension and credence of single differences? How can you assist learn credence? Although there are some books, telecasting shows, films and sketchs that portray persons with disablements every bit good as people from different civilizations and lingual backgrounds in positive ways the bulk of these beginnings portray these persons in negative, disrespectful, and degrading ways. Children are strongly influenced by what they see on Television and what they read in books. Therefore kids who view these negative portraitures of persons with disablements and different cultural and lingual backgrounds are really likely to see the negative portraitures as being true and make jobs with their credence of these persons. As instructors, making a positive schoolroom that promotes credence of everyone is really of import. The text edition explains that there is a assortment of attitude alteration and information-sharing schemes that can assist advance positive attitudes towards everyone in your schoolroom ( Salend, 2008, p. 203 ) . Some of the cardinal factors in doing these schemes successful include: sing all individuals as capable persons with alone personalities, qualities, likes, disfavors, strengths, and challenges ; advancing the position that similarities and differences are natural and positive and that we all benefit from diverseness and appreciating single differences ; furthering sensitiveness instead than understanding ; supplying information, direct contact, and experiences that portion of import information about and counter stereotyped positions of others perceived as different ; and prosecuting in actions that support others ( Salend, 2008, p. 203-204 ) . Think ( and react in composing ) about how you would react to the undermentioned state of affairss: Students are stating anti-Semetic gags ; utilizing footings such as Indian giver ; miming a pupil ‘s speech pattern ; denying their racial, cultural, or spiritual individualities ; badgering a male pupil who liked to run up. These are all state of affairss that would be uncomfortable and hard to cover with, nevertheless they are things that come up and something has to be done about them. In these state of affairss I would hold a schoolroom conversation with my pupils and inquire their sentiments on why they think that stating these things may be right or incorrect. I would so show my sentiments on these phrases or remarks and explain to my pupils why these remarks are unacceptable and should non be used. Some of the illustrations that the book provides for covering with insensitive and intolerant behaviours and remarks include set uping and pass oning policies and regulations against all Acts of the Apostless of intolerance and exclusion, placing Acts of the Apostless of intolerance and why they are unacceptable, clear uping to pupils that these behaviours will non be tolerated, instantly reacting to incidents of intolerance and supplying direct effects, following up on the incidents, and describing the incidences to decision makers and other professionals for support on turn toing the issue ( Salend, 2008, p.225-226 ) . Chapter 6 What larning schemes do you utilize? Are they successful? How did you larn them? What other larning schemes might be helpful to you? Harmonizing to the text edition, larning schemes are â€Å" techniques that Teach pupils how to larn, act, and win in academic and societal state of affairss † ( Salend, 2008, p. 244 ) . One scheme that I use is when finishing assignments, such as this one, I read through all of the inquiries on the assignment foremost, and so I go back to the first inquiry and read it once more before I begin replying it. By pre-reading the full assignment foremost I get an thought of what I need to be believing about and so I can concentrate on the particular inside informations as I work on each single inquiry. When it comes to observe pickings, my scheme is to utilize slug points and compose down the of import parts of what the instructor is stating instead than seeking to rapidly compose every individual word that they are stating. For me all of my schemes seem to work because I tend to make good on my school assignment so something must be working right for me. One scheme that I found in the text edition that might assist when composing documents is the POW + TREE scheme ( Salend, 2008, p. 439 ) . The elements involved in this scheme are P: choice my thought, O: form my notes, W: write and state more, T: subject sentence and state what you believe, R: grounds three or more for why you believe this, Tocopherol: explain grounds, and Tocopherol: stoping ( Salend, 2008, p. 439-440 ) . How to cite Families And Students Rights To Confidentiality Education Essay, Essay examples

Formation Of Team Of Negotiation Features -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Formation Of Team Of Negotiation Features? Answer: Introduction Negotiation is defined as the attempt taken by two people who are engaged into disagreement and want to reach a mutually acceptable solution for the conflict faced. In order to successfully reach to a conclusion and win over the issue, both the parties need to be understand clearly what the other party wants. Each of the party has to undertake proper preparation to change as well as compromise until both feel that their positions are acceptable. There are five collaborative phases of the negotiation technique. These are preparation, exchanging of information, bargaining, concluding and executing. The first phase of negotiation technique is called the preparation phase. This phase mainly determines whether the individuals are aware of the conflict. They should also know of the history that is leading to the negotiation. Knowing the people involved and becoming aware of their perceptions of the conflict expectations from the negotiations are also important. This will help each of the parties to develop a collaborative situation so that each can select their better strategy. Then each of the parties should be researching for the information, analyzing the different data. These would be followed by indentifying the interests and positions of the parties and then concentrating on the relationship that the parties want to build with each other (Kennedy 2010). The second stage is known as the information-exchanging phase. This phase takes place when the parties begin to engage with the other side. Then they share information and addresses interests of each other like what each of the parties need as opposed to their respective positions and what each parties ask later in the bargaining stage. There are four important critical assessments that are needed in the Exchange Stage. These are trustworthiness where each party needs to know that the others are honest and dependable. The next is competency where the information provided by the others is credible and able (Kennedy 2010). The third competency is that the parties should assess whether they can work well together. The last criterion of the assessments is the alignment of the interests where the parties should judge that whether their interests are aligned with the other parties. The third stage is called the bargaining stage where the give and take takes place. All the parties should understand that success can never be taking all and giving none as this would not help to capture real values. Parties need to make as well as manage their concessions in bargaining. When the parties can successfully conduct give and take properly, this can increase satisfaction of both parties. This will help in developing lasting relationships and even a fruitful one. During this phase, the parties can create value and can capture value with trades. Two tools that can be used by the negotiator are Probe and Creativity. Besides, like all personal relations, emotions can result in either hindering or helping the progress. Therefore, parties should be careful in such contexts. Researchers are also of the opinion that proper communication skills are important in this phase as the parties explore option for creating values and also executing trades for capturing values (Roszowska e t al. 2014). Success can only be achieved when solutions satisfy needs of everyone. The next stage is concluding phase where the parties reach agreement. It is essential for finding out that the opposite parties have the capacity to follow the different things they had said and also whether they would be able to do it or not (Kennedy 2017). This is then followed by writing down the common interest and then producing a comprehensive summary of the agreement. One of the courtesy that should be maintained is that the parties should thank each other for their respective willingness to negotiate even when none of the parties had reached any agreement. The last stage is the executing process that involves the implementation of the agreement. This stage can also be considered as the preparation phase for the next negotiations opportunity. Parties should make sure that they follow on through the promises that are made so that relationships can be strengthened and trusts are built. Collective bargaining is the procedure where representative of workers, subordinates and employees negotiate with the employer or their representatives. They meet for discussion of the issues which are related to number of working hours, issues which are relating to wage as well as work environments and others terms of employment. Four types of collective bargaining can be observed: One of them is the conjunctive of distributive bargaining. In this form of collective bargaining, both the parties like the employees and the employers try their best for maximizing their respective gains from the bargaining. Researchers are of the opinion that this type of bargaining is based on the victory of one over the other (Sarkar 2012). In this type, economic issues involve bonus issues, wage and many other benefits. For example, where the employee wishes to have increases bonus for his work whereas the employers try to increase the responsibilities and reduce the wages. The next is the cooperative and the integrative bargaining. In this type of bargaining, the parties like the employee and the employer sit together and try to resolve any sort of problems that are of their common interests for reaching an amicable solution. In times of critical situations, for example like that in time of recessions, both the parties can enter into mutual agreement with respect to their term of working. An example can be provided here, the employers may agree to adopt modernized methods to increase productivity or the workers may agree for low wages on receiving other benefits (Pinet and Sanders 2012). The third type of bargaining is the productivity bargaining. The management does this where the workers are provided incentives or bonus for the increasing of the productivity. This makes the workers encouraged and therefore they work very hard so that they can reach beyond the standards level of productivity. This helps in gaining additional benefits. Through, this type of collective bargaining both the parties enjoy benefits one in the form of increased profits and the other in the form of increased pay (Liu and Adair 2017). The fourth type of bargaining is called the composite bargaining. In this type of bargaining the employees, besides raising demand for the increment in the increased wages, the workers also express their concern in other issue like the recruitment, working environment, environmental issues, training requirement and many others. These are done with the intention of safeguarding their interests and protecting the dilution of powers. The main differences between distributive bargaining and integrative bargaining are that the former type of bargaining involves zero sum negotiations. It involves the wining of one side over the other. Both the parties try to maximize their goals. The latter is a type of bargaining where it is more of a problem solving sessions (Kim, Cundiff Choi 2015). In the latter rye, both parties try their best to reach a mutually beneficial alternative like a win-win situation. There are certain important facts that are very important for individuals to be aware of while negotiating. Different business stalwarts had put different principles forward over the years. Some of the best principles are thereby described in the flowing paragraphs: The first important principle is to develop a proper and clear knowledge about which an individual is trying to accomplish. This should mainly incorporate developing ideas about what factors would help in gaining success and how much negotiations is to be done to achieve the target. The next important principle is the development of a proper game plan before the negotiation sessions or meetings start. The parties should prepare themselves with the best strategies and highlight their strengths in ways that will bring out success in cracking out the best deals (Maude 2014). The next principle is proper studying and understanding the opposite party successfully. This would help the individuals to plan their next approach. For that, the individuals should make effort to understand the negotiating style of the lead negotiator on the other side. The individuals should also try to find out their reputations and track-records in the past negotiations not only with the individuals but also with the pothers (Fisher and Ury 2012). This would help them to understand that whether the opposing parties can be trusted to meet their negotiating table commitments. Another important principle is working towards a win-win situation. Mostly in cases of ongoing relationship, it becomes important for working to a win-win situation. If one of the parties feels that they were treated unfairly in the procedure of negotiation, the relationship between the two parties is usually damaged. This in turn affects future negotiations. Maintaining a good relationship is extremely important in the long run than a win-lose result that affects relationship and closes future exchanges. Another important principle that needs to be followed is avoiding negotiating with oneself. Once the individual makes an offer, it is important for the individual to wait for the other side to respond with a counteroffer (Johnston and Fells 2017). If the individual becomes ready to put another offer on the table before a counteroffer is made, this step would be taken as the weakness of the individual. This will make the other party exploit the individual for their advantage. The individual should react strongly to an untrustworthy party sitting at the negotiating table. When the opposite party is seen to take any dishonest step or conduct any untrustworthy activities, the individuals should never accept these business ethics breaches. Rather, they should abruptly protest against the dishonest practices and stand up against their activities. This would prevent any conflicts and negative feelings against each other (Phommalinh 2017). It should always be remembered that both the parties need to be equally present for negotiating a deal. When any of the parties feel that the negotiation will not bring out any successful results, they should not proceed with the deal. Sales negotiation is the procedure where the parties agree the terms of the deal and becomes a part of the selling continuum. The negotiations are very important to begin only when there is a genuine commitment from the person who is buying and a seller who is providing a conditional sale (Tinney 2015). Important negotiations skills are always important to be developed properly by the salesperson who is trying his best to engage effectively in a negotiating deal. The first skill is to define the concessions that the salesperson is willing to accept in advance. Often, it is seen that in the heat of the moment, often sales person provide statements like 30% discount or additional six months of support which might not be possible to provide according to company norms. Therefore, it becomes extremely important for the sales person to define clearly the limits on the price discounts, add-ons and freebies before negotiating and selling the products or services. This will ensure that the sa les member and the consumers come to a mutually beneficial agreement helping in maintaining trustworthy relationship. The second important principle that the salesperson should follow is that the prospect should go first in the negotiation deal. When the salesperson presents the terms of the deal, it is important for the prospect to start the negotiation and begin the conversation (Holden and Thompson 2018). In many cases, it is seen that the sales member often gets tempted to provide a discount or even an adjustment in order to be more accommodating even when before the prospects states anything. This ensures better success rate and better profit margin. On negotiating sales, it is important to listen first and then speak out concern. The third important point is that during sales negotiation, the sales-member should never give a range like providing a discount from 15% to 25%. This is because a prospect will never settle for fewer discounts and this in turn makes it implied to the prospect that the sales price is flexible. This also destroys trust (Geiger 2017). Therefore the word between should always be avoided. Another very important aspect that should be maintained in a sales negotiation is not to put anything in written process until the entire negotiation and conversation had completed. Often, it is seen that negotiations swing fort and back and again around. Often, many ideas are proposed out of which, some are accepted and some are shot down. The sales members should be wise and not revise the contract until the entire ales negotiation has ended and all the parties have verbally agreed to the different terms. Another important point that the salesperson should also remember is that they should never make mistakes like negotiating with the wrong person without contacting the decision maker. In many cases, sales person talk with the women of the house who ultimately decides that husbands would be finalizing the deal. This means when the talks would beg an again with the decision maker; the later will start at the already discounted price in the first meeting. This will result in poor outcome of the seller but will be highly advantageous for the prospect. Another important principle for sales negotiation is that the sales person should get something in return for the different sorts of concessions they are providing. It must be always remembered that often-healthy salesperson-customer relationships are developed from mutual respect and trust. The sales person should not accept all demands of the prospect without claiming advantageous benefits for themselves (Fleming and Hawes 2017). They should try to conduct negotiation in ways that would result in win-win for both the parties. Salespersons and clients should be based on equal footing which ultimately lays the groundwork for mutually beneficial relationship. Negotiation can be defined as the procedure by which people successfully settles the differences faced by them. It is a process by which the engaged parties wither compromise or comes to an agreement at the same time of avoiding argument and dispute. Principles of benefits, maintaining a healthy and trustworthy relationship and seeking mutual benefits are some of the keys that lead to successful outcomes. Individuals who are engaged in the negotiation are called the negotiators. Researchers are of the opinion that in order to be a successful negotiator, it is important for them to be charming and open-minded. He has to properly articulate and use his experiences in a proper manner to conduct negotiations effectively (Schneider and Honeyman 2006). At the same time, negotiators need to have perseverance that ultimately helps them to be on the winning side of the deals or to negotiate properly in deals with win-win solutions. They need to have patience as well as assertiveness. Flexibil ity and developing insight helping to understand the opposite side will help in striking a proper relationship with the opposing parties that might be fruitful in the future. They must also have the clear ideas about the points they need to establish and therefore should be persuasive and should know what they want. Researchers are therefore of the opinion that the experts should have proper preparation and planning skills and have the knowledge of the subject that is being negotiated. They should also have proper listening skills and the ability to think clearly and rapidly even when they are under pressures as well as under certainty. They should have proper integrity, patience, ability to persuade other individuals, judgment and general intelligence and decisiveness. They should consider all options, be aware of the procedures as well as the styles of the other persons and be flexible in different situations (Leucke and Patterson 2008). Effective negotiation has a number of important features. It helps in analyzing problems by determining the interests of each party included in the negotiations techniques. A proper negotiation helps a problem to be analyzed in details so that the issue can be properly identified. A negotiation should have proper preparation where the parties would have properly identified the goals as well as realized the areas for trade and alternatives for the stated goals. However, the negotiators should always avoid being provoked emotionally as that might affect effective outcomes (Orheian 2014). Effective negotiations help in better relationship building. It also helps in delivering lasting and quality solutions. It should not give poor short-term solutions, as they do not satisfy the needs of either party. Effective negotiation also helps in avoiding future conflicts and problems (Rada Florina 2017). References: Fisher, R. and Ury, W. 2012.Getting to Yes. [online] Google Books. Available at: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=SgONZTjbqpgCprintsec=frontcoverdq=principles+of+negotiationhl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwj05faHxonZAhUKRo8KHXcCBLMQ6AEILTAB#v=onepageq=principles%20of%20negotiationf=false [Accessed 3 Feb. 2018]. Fleming, D.E. and Hawes, J.M., 2017. 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Emotional intelligence and negotiation outcomes: mediating effects of rapport, negotiation strategy, and judgment accuracy.Group Decision and Negotiation,24(3), 477-493. Leucke, R. and Patterson, J. 2008.How to Become a Better Negotiator. [online] Google Books. Available at: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=1W7XAO8ywwgCprintsec=frontcoverdq=features+of+negotiatorhl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwiGjuu6yYnZAhUPRKwKHZqPC5IQ6AEIPDAE#v=onepageqf=false [Accessed 3 Feb. 2018]. Liu, L.A. and Adair, W.L., 2017. Intercultural Communication in International Negotiation.The International Encyclopedia of Intercultural Communication. Maude, B. 2014.International Business Negotiation. [online] Google Books. Available at: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=SCkdBQAAQBAJprintsec=frontcoverdq=principles+of+negotiationhl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwj05faHxonZAhUKRo8KHXcCBLMQ6AEIOTAD#v=onepageq=principles%20of%20negotiationf=false [Accessed 3 Feb. 2018]. Orheian, O.M., 2014. 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